RUSSIA AND WORLD. POLITICAL, SOCIO-EKONOMIC, DEMOGRAPHIC DIMENTIONS

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Russia and world. Political, socio-ekonomic, demographic dimentions. Ed. by. A. B. Bezborodov. ISBN 978-5-7281-2278-4

Россия и мир: политическое, социально-экономическое, демографическое измерения / Редкол.: А. Б. Безбородов (отв. ред.), В. Б. Жиромская (зам. отв. ред.); Российский государственный гуманитарный университет; Науч. совет РАН по ист. демографии и ист. географии. – М.: РГГУ, 2018. – 367 с. ISBN 978-5-7281-2278-4

The publication offered to the reader’s attention is a multifaceted study that brings together specialists from several fields of knowledge - historians, political scientists, economists, specialists in modern diplomacy, and cultural studies. Such interdisciplinarity is not an end in itself dictated by academic fashion, but reflects the unprecedented complexity of the research subject itself. Moreover, this complexity takes place both in synchrony and in diachrony. On the one hand, it is necessary to consider a variety of processes occurring simultaneously in different areas. On the other hand, it is necessary to take into account not only the current state of problems, but also their historical genesis.

The subject of research in this monograph is international relations, namely, relations between Russia and the world community, taken not only in the foreign policy aspect itself, but also considered from the point of view of economic interaction, demographic processes and growth of spatial mobility of the population, socio-cultural globalization and problems of national cultural identity. .

These problems are not only scientific, but also practical. Moreover, we are talking about extremely sensitive issues. Therefore, a study similar to that undertaken by us cannot avoid estimates, intuitive judgments, forecasts, which may not be fully confirmed. However, this, in our opinion, is quite normal components of modern socio-humanitarian research.

The conceptual and compositional center of our work is a problem of the national security of Russia in all the mentioned areas. Let us dwell on the structure and content of the monograph.

The first section of the book, entitled “International Relations and the Principles of Russian Foreign Policy”, presents an analysis of the strategies of ensuring the country's foreign security in the context of international tension and instability. At the same time, emphasis is placed on rethinking both political and forceful actions (the fight against terrorism, peacekeeping actions, etc.), as well as the traditional categories and concepts that describe world political and military conflicts and activities aimed at overcoming them.

In the first chapter of the section, a qualitative rethinking of the political and cultural concept of “soft power,” which is consistently associated in the world community with humanitarian missions, interethnic cultural policies, building up one or another national culture of influence in the sphere of science, art, social thought, etc. The text of the chapter shows that in a number of cases in today's vocabulary this term is replaced by another one, which is connected with conducting resonant politically colored media campaigns, “information wars”, propaganda and anti-propaganda. Taking into account the actual Russian potential of “soft power” in the deepest humanitarian sense of the word, the thesis is expressed that our country's cultural mission on the world stage is realized precisely in asserting humanistic ideals and universal moral values, and not in situational opposition to ideologically colored positions.

The second chapter is devoted to a detailed analysis of the implementation of Russian campaigns to combat international terrorism both in its territory and beyond. In addition to studying the historical circumstances of the antiterrorist activities of Russia, the author offers a deep analysis of the very concept of “international terrorism” and the practice of its use in political discourse and mass media. It turns out that the semantics of the term has a significant degree of abstraction, which allows participants in public dialogue, demonizing terrorism, often to leave in the shadow of the actual political background of certain actors, marked as belonging to the global terrorist networks. It is the abstract nature of terrorism as one of the main evils of modernity, which in many respects gives it an aura of insuperability. At the same time, in the situation of international crises, an accurate and intelligible historical and political analysis could help combat specific manifestations of terrorist activity.

The third chapter examines in detail one of the manifestations of “soft power” developing in many countries of the world community - forms of international civic activism of youth. It tells about the history of the democratic youth movement in Russia and the USSR and its role in strengthening peace and social justice, as well as in creating modern institutions of social influence on international political processes.

The second section of the monograph “The Challenges of the World Economy and Russia” is a new attempt to understand the international economic context in which the Russian economy today has to prevent and overcome various risks and threats. In the historical and synchronous aspects, the economic potential of development of Russia, the interrelation of economic security and socio-cultural factors are considered.

The first chapter substantiates the significance and historical objectivity of the Eurasian economic integration processes, associated not only with the national interests of individual players, but with the strategic development of the region as a whole. Common myths about the role of Russia in the economic life of neighboring states are subjected to a critical analysis, and they talk about the upcoming tasks and positive trends in the formation of economic partnership in the post-Soviet space.

The second chapter is devoted to an analytical analysis of one of the most painful topics of our time - the ongoing “war of sanctions”, which largely concerns the Russian economy and represents an important factor that must be taken into account when discussing the prospects for its development. Modern events are discussed in the chapter on a broad historical background. Arguments are made in favor of the fact that from a historical point of view, the current situation is not absolutely unique, and Russia and earlier often had to defend its position in the conditions of economic pressure from outside.

In the third chapter of the section on the material of a large number of sources, problems and prospects related to the geostrategic value and resource potential of the Arctic, the most important region in which Russia has the longest border and interacts with a number of Arctic states, are discussed. Among the most important tasks in the region are the preservation and rational use of the natural resources of the Arctic, maritime policy and increased efficiency in the use of northern transport routes, problems of Russia's national security.

The fourth chapter includes the study of the technological challenges that our country and its defense industry are facing today. The material is considered in the light of the concept of the hybrid nature of modern foreign policy conflicts, which has a significant impact on the structure and dynamics of the development of defense industries. In particular, the growing importance of humanitarian and social (cognitive, behavioral, communicative) technologies in building up Russia's military-political potential is affected.

The group of authors of the third section of the publication, called “Russia in the global demographic dimension”, explores several aspects of the topic - the migration situation in Russia in the context of the global migration explosion; public health problems as the cornerstone of a country's demographic security; sociocultural and political aspects of modern global tourism and problems specific to the domestic tourism industry.

The first chapter of the section substantiates the concept of the key role of the demographic factor among the causes of the modern powerful migration explosion, which is rightly called the “Second Great Migration”. According to this concept, due to the difference in the stages of the demographic development of the peoples of the countries of Western and Central Europe, on the one hand, and the states of Asia and Africa, on the other, active resettlement and population replacement are currently taking place. Global mobility is stepping up on the basis of integration processes in the economy, politics, and culture. The features of migration processes in Russia are analyzed.

In the second chapter, in the context of the global health and population preservation issues, trends are considered that characterize the Russian situation. Analyzed the comprehensive medical statistics for Russia and other countries of the world, as well as institutional and other factors of morbidity and mortality. Available data indicate the persistence of significant problems in the domestic and world health care system at the beginning of the 21st century, which impede the country's demographic development.

The third chapter of the section is devoted to studying the influence of the current international situation on the development of tourism as a type of migration. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of factors and strategies of domestic tourism and the export of tourism services.

The fourth section of the book combines materials related to the topic of modern Russian culture in the context of international relations. It is called the “Socio-Cultural and Confessional Policy of Russia in the Context of Globalization”.

The first chapter considers such an important political task, which is the responsibility of the state, as the preservation of the cultural landscape of Russia. A detailed analysis of international documents aimed at protecting World Cultural Heritage sites is presented. The problems associated with the preservation of national cultural monuments in Russia are described. In general, there is a persistence of crisis trends in this area of cultural policy.

The second chapter of the section is an excursion into the history of public education in Soviet Russia of the pre-revolutionary period (1917 - 1920). his historical experience is regarded as a valuable source of ideas and solutions related to modern changes in education, understood as the unity of training and education. The connection of the early Soviet educational project with the achievements of world pedagogy and its innovative nature is emphasized.

The third chapter concerns the confessional aspects of the cultural policy of modern Russia, in particular, examines the factors of the return of the status of one of the leading public institutions to the Russian Orthodox Church, which occurred during 30 years of post-Soviet history. Growth trends and the second largest adherents of the denomination in Russia, Islam, are also analyzed. The question of the complexity of the religious identity of modern Russians is discussed. The study of a large body of data suggests that today there is not so much an increase in the number of churched citizens, as many - people who sympathize with religion due to cultural and historical circumstances.

Of course, no monograph can cover all the problems and issues that characterize the modern historical and political specifics of Russia's position in the global world. The presented publication provides only an outline of the most relevant (in the opinion of the authors) topics and aspects of this complex interaction.

The authors of the chapters:

Introduction - A.B. Bezborodov.

I Chapter Chapter 1.1– V.F. Pryakhin; chapter 1.2– V.E. Baghdasaryan; chapter 1.3 - L.A. Mozhaeva.

II Chapter Chapter 2.1 - V.F. Pryakhin; Chapter 2.2 - V.E. Baghdasaryan; Chapter 2.3 - OA Claps; Chapter 2.4 - A.B. Bezborodov.

III Chapter Chapter 3.1 - VB Zhiromskaya; Chapter 3.2– N.A. Aralovets; Chapter 3.3 - E.V. Seredina, T.V. Rassokhina, Yu.A. Kireeva.

Chapter IV Section 4.1 - E.L. Dracheva; Chapter 4.2– V.E. N.Y. Andrianova; chapter 4.3 - KA Mazin.

Conclusion - V.B. Zhiromskaya

Table of contents

Introduction (A. B Bezborodov)

Section 1. International Relations and the Principles of Russian Foreign Policy

Chapter 1.1. Humanitarian component of “soft power” of Russian foreign policy (V.F. Pryakhin)

Chapter 1.2. Russia in the fight against international terrorism (V.E. Baghdasaryan)

Chapter 1.3. Democratic youth movement of Russia and the USSR as an actor of international relations of the first half of the twentieth century (L.A. Mozhaeva)

Section 2. The Challenges of the World Economy and Russia

Chapter 2.1. Russia and the post-Soviet space in global political and economic processes (V.F. Pryakhin)

Chapter 2.2. Russia in the context of the economic sanctions war (V.E. Baghdasaryan)

Chapter 2.3. Arctic resource potential in the geostrategy of Russia (O.A. Khlopov)

Chapter 2.4. The development of the military-industrial complex of Russia as a response

on the technological challenges of our time (A.B. Bezborodov)

Section 3. Russia in the global demographic dimension

Chapter 3.1. World migration explosion and features of the migration situation in Russia (V.B. Zhiromskaya)

Chapter 3.2. Russia's demographic security: public health problems (N.A. Aralovets)

Chapter 3.3. Tourism as a special type of migration: general and regional problems (E.V. Seredina, T.V. Rassokhina, Yu.A. Kireeva).

Section 4. Russia's sociocultural and confessional policy in the context of globalization

Chapter 4.1. Cultural heritage of modern Russia and the problems of its preservation (E.L. Dracheva)

Chapter 4.2. Historical experience of organizing public education in the RSFSR (1917–1920) . (N.Y. Andrianova)

Chapter 4.3. Religion in modern Russia (KA Mazin)

Conclusion (V.B. Zhiromskaya)

Literature

Information about authors

Information about authors

Andrianova Natalya Y. - Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Russian State Humanitarian University

Aralovets Natalya A. - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Institute of Russian History, Russian Academy of Sciences

Bagdasaryan Vardan E.- Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Dean of the Moscow State Regional University

Bezborodov Alexander B. - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Acting Rector of the Russian State Humanitarian University

Dracheva Elena L. - Candidate of Economic Sciences, Professor at the Moscow State Institute of the Tourism Industry. Yu.A.Senkevich

Khlopov Oleg A. - Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Russian State Humanitarian University

Kireyeva Yuliya A. - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Travel Operations of the Russian International Academy of Tourism

Mazin Konstantin A. - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of the Russian State Humanitarian University

Mozhaeva Lyubov A. - Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Russian State Humanitarian University

Pryakhin Vladimir F. - Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Russian State Humanitarian University

Rassokhina Tatyana V. - Candidate of Geographical Sciences, Professor, Deputy Director of the Moscow Branch of the Russian International Academy of Tourism, Dean of the Faculty of Tourism Industry.

Seredina Elena V.- Candidate in Geography, Professor at the Russian State Humanitarian University

Valentina Borisovna Zhiromskaya - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Russian State Humanitarian University, Head of the Center for the History of Territory and Population of Russia of the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences